Respiratory Inhalers In Action: Enhancing Daily Living For Respiratory Patients
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Respiratory Inhalers |
Introduction
Respiratory inhalers have become a very common treatment option for lung
diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There
are different types of inhalers that deliver medication in various ways to
treat symptoms and control the underlying conditions. This article provides an
overview of the major types of inhalers available, how they work, proper use
techniques, and other important considerations.
Types of Respiratory Inhalers
There are four main types of respiratory inhalers prescribed for lung diseases:
metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), dry powder inhalers (DPIs), soft mist inhalers
(SMIs), and nebulizers. Each works a bit differently in delivering medication
to the lungs.
Metered-Dose Inhalers
MDIs are small canister inhalers that utilize propellants to blast the
medication into your mouth in a fine mist. They require synchronization of
actuation and inhalation to work properly. Common MDI medications include
albuterol (ProAir or Proventil HFA) and fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair HFA).
Some key tips for using an MDI include shaking the inhaler first, holding it
upright, placing the mouthpiece between teeth without covering vent holes,
pressing down firmly as you breathe in slowly and deeply. Spacers can help
coordinate the steps and maximize medication delivery to the lungs.
Dry Powder Inhalers
Respiratory
Inhalers contain medication in
powder form that is inhaled without using propellants. Common types are
single-dose (such as Flovent Diskus or Asmanex Twisthaler) and multiple-dose
(like Symbicort or Dulera) inhalers. When actuated, the powder rises out of the
device and into your mouth to be breathed in.
Proper DPI technique requires a fast, deep breath in through the mouth. Many
people find single-breath flow rates easier than multi-dose inhalers. Caps and
covers should stay on until use to keep powder dry. Make sure to exhale fully
out before each inhalation.
Soft Mist Inhalers
SMIs are a newer type of device that uses mechanical energy instead of
propellants and releases medication as a fine mist for easy inhalation.
Currently, the only SMI on the market contains Arnuity Ellipta, a maintenance
therapy for asthma.
To use an SMI, you simply open the package and inhale. No breath coordination
is required as the medication is self-contained and automatically released for
inhalation. SMIs may provide an easier option over other inhalers for some.
Nebulizers
Nebulizers are larger inhalation devices that use oxygen or compressed air to
turn liquid medications into a mist. They are not as portable as the above
inhalers but can deliver deeper lung penetration of medications for severe
cases. Nebulizers are often used for COPD or acute asthma exacerbations in
hospital settings.
At-home nebulizer treatments typically take 5-15 minutes and require using a
mouthpiece, mask, or holding the mouth over the nebulizer cup. Proper cleaning
and maintenance is important with these machines. Nebulized medications include
albuterol, combivent, atrovent and corticosteroids like budesonide.
Mastering Inhaler Techniques
No matter the type of inhaler, it is crucial to use proper breathing techniques
in order to ensure medication makes it to the target airways in your lungs.
Even minor deviations can reduce effectiveness. Here are some additional best
practice tips:
- Stand or sit up straight during use and rinse mouth after MDIs to reduce risk
of oral thrush.
- Do not spray an MDI through a spacer near the face to prevent eye irritation
or rinse the spacer weekly.
- Clean DPI mouthpieces regularly using wipes or running under water.
- Replace inhalers when the number of actuations/doses have been used or sooner
if noticing difficulties with product consistency or flow.
- Consider using a companion digital app that provides animation and guidance
for best technique.
- Ask your pharmacist or doctor office to demonstrate techniques to ensure
proper use and maximize medication efficacy.
In summary, respiratory inhalers offer convenient options for delivering
quick-acting relief and long-term control of symptoms from asthma, COPD and
other lung diseases. Understanding the different device types, proper usage
steps, and best practices can help people get the most benefit from their
inhaler therapy. Consulting with healthcare providers is important for ongoing
support and management. With consistent use of inhalers as prescribed, lung
conditions can often be well-managed.
For
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